The So-Called ‘Nonlethal’ History of Rubber Bullets Fired on Protesters

As demonstrators flood the streets to protest the killing of George Floyd, police have turned to a familiar — and dangerous — tactic

Morgan Baskin
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An officer aims a rubber bullet gun at demonstrators in Long Beach, CA. Photo: MediaNews Group/Long Beach Press-Telegram via Getty Images

The first thing to know about rubber bullets is the name is a misnomer. Among the 75 different kinds manufactured, relatively few are made of solid rubber. Some, called “bean bag rounds,” are stuffed with lead pellets; others contain metal fragments and many have steel cores. Different substances, but a similar result. Together, rubber bullets, whose velocities can match those of live ammunition, have an estimated fatality rate of 3%, higher than Covid-19.

As demonstrators flood their city streets to protest the killing of George Floyd by police officer Derek Chauvin, law enforcement officials have taken to using “nonlethal” force as a way to tamp down public gatherings. This includes the use of rubber bullets, a decades-old munition with a long history, as a tool to quell peaceful demonstrations and protests against police brutality.

Last week in Minneapolis, photojournalist Linda Tirado permanently lost her sight in one eye after being shot in the head by a rubber bullet. A grandmother in La Mesa, California was hospitalized in an intensive care unit

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Morgan Baskin
GEN
Writer for

D.C.-based reporter covering politics, housing, and the social safety net.